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Clermontia pallida

Hillebr. (1888)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Campanulaceae Genus: Clermontia

‘ōhā [oha], ‘ōhā wai [oha wai], hāhā [haha]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs or trees, 2–5 m tall, terrestrial or epiphytic.

Stems: Stems branched repeatedly, spreading, light gray or light brown, glabrous or rarely pubescent, with numerous helically arranged leaf scars near apex, pith solid, latex white, viscous.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades oblong, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 7–15 cm long, 2–4.5 cm wide. Apex acuminate or cuspidate. Base cuneate. Surfaces glabrous; lamina membranous, dull; Upper surfaces pale green; lower surfaces very pale green. Margins callose–crenulate. Petioles 5–13.5 cm long, yellowish white, translucent, glabrous. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescences 2(–7)–flowered, glabrous or pubescent; peduncle 0.8–2.7 (–5) cm long, spreading, bibracteate at or near apex; pedicels 1.4–2.3 (–3) cm long, spreading, bibracteolate at or near apex. Flowers bisexual (perfect), epigynous, zygomorphic, resupinate, protandrous. Hypanthium 0.7–1 cm long, 0.7–1 cm in diameter, hemispheric, glabrous. Perianth 4.5–6 cm long, bilabiate, dark purple or dark magenta externally, pale yellowish green within, glabrous; tube 2.4–3.2 cm long, 0.7–1 cm in diameter, gently curved; lobes 2–3.2 cm long, 3–4.5 cm wide, spreading. Stamens 5, syngenesious, alternate with the corolla lobes, staminal column included or slightly exserted, gently curved; anthers connate, dithecal, opening introrsely by longitudinal slits, dark purple, the 3 dorsal ones a little longer than the 2 ventral ones, the latter with tufts of stiff white trichomes at apex, otherwise glabrous, or sometimes pubescent along the sutures, rarely so on the surfaces, the tube 1.2–1.4 cm long, 3–4 mm in diameter, glabrous; filaments connate above, free from the corolla, 3.8–5.2 cm long, dark purple, glabrous. Pollen tricolporate, prolate, ellipsoidal. Ovary inferior, 2-carpellate, 2-loculed; ovule placentation axile, placentae large; style slender, terete (cylindrical), with a ring of stiff white hairs near apex; stigma 2-lobed, the lobes appressed and non–receptive as the style grows through the anther tube, pushing out pollen, after which the stigmas spread and become receptive.

Fruit: Berries unknown. Seeds numerous; tiny; dark brown or black; minutely foveate–reticulate; shiny; with a straight; short to spatulate dicotyledonous embryo embedded in oily endosperm.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Montane rain forests and cloud forests.

Elevation Range: 915–1390 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Molokai Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Fl. Hawaiian Isl.: 241 (1888)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:433 (Mo); Lammers 1991:50 (KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1535 Molokai BISH 1979-07-13
2 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1516 Molokai BISH 1979-07-11
3 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1535 Molokai BISH 1979-07-13
4 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hitchcock, A.S. 15102 Molokai BISH 1916-10-10
5 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Molokai BISH 1912-09-01
6 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Kiehn, M. 94090124 Molokai BISH 1994-09-01
7 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 277 Molokai BISH 1912-07-01
8 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2955 Molokai BISH 1980-08-03
9 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 14034 Molokai BISH 1918-05-01
10 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 277 Molokai BISH 1912-07-01
11 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Nagata, K.M. 2683 Molokai BISH 1983-07-27
12 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 3074 Molokai BISH 1989-08-11
13 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1960 Molokai BISH 1966-08-25
14 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Molokai BISH
15 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Molokai BISH
16 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Molokai BISH
17 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Molokai BISH
18 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12790 Molokai BISH 1915-12-01
19 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. 12785 Molokai BISH
20 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain forest Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23383 Molokai BISH 1948-12-19
21 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet montane forest Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 10380 Molokai BISH 1984-08-15
22 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9409 Molokai BISH 1980-02-08
23 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Hitchcock, A.S. 15189 Molokai BISH 1916-10-13
24 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Occasional growing on steep slopes in wet forest. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Kadua, Cheirodendron, Broussaisia, Wikstroemia, Pipturus, Psychotria, Sadleria, Cibotium, Cyrtandra, Melicope, Labordia, Coprosma, Machaerina, Vaccinium, Pneumatopteris, Selaginella, Lythrum, Clidemia, Hedychium, Paspalum, Erigeron, Ageratina. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 100815 Molokai BISH 2008-10-16
25 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Metrosideros-Dicranopteri montane wet forest Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 6270 Molokai BISH 1987-08-03
26 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native-exotic grass and shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1557 Molokai BISH 1979-07-18
27 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Common along trail Preserved_Specimen Crosby, M.R. 1688 Molokai BISH 1964-07-05
28 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2984 Molokai BISH 1980-08-05
29 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain forest Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23383 Molokai BISH 1948-12-19
30 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Rain forest Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 23383 Molokai BISH 1948-12-19
31 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros polymorpha forest along pali Preserved_Specimen Carlquist, S. 2217 Molokai BISH 1966-08-25
32 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details open, shrubby rainforest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 22134 Molokai BISH 1952-03-15
33 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details edge of gulch Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 12602 Molokai BISH 1932-12-25
34 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1401 Molokai BISH 1979-06-22
35 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Occasional growing on steep slopes in wet forest. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Kadua, Cheirodendron, Broussaisia, Wikstroemia, Pipturus, Psychotria, Sadleria, Cibotium, Cyrtandra, Melicope, Labordia, Coprosma, Machaerina, Vaccinium, Pneumatopteris, Selaginella, Lythrum, Clidemia, Hedychium, Paspalum, Erigeron, Ageratina. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 100815 Molokai BISH 2008-10-16
36 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. On makai facing slope; terrestrial; exposed. Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1535 Molokai BISH 1979-07-13
37 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In gulch nr stream in wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Stemmermann, R.L. 3870 Molokai BISH 1979-07-11
38 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2984 Molokai BISH 1980-08-05
39 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. On ridge; terrestrial; exposed. Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1516 Molokai BISH 1979-07-11
40 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In gulch nr stream in wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native-exotic grass and shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Stemmermann, R.L. 3944 Molokai BISH 1979-07-19
41 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In gulch nr stream in wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Stemmermann, R.L. 3870 Molokai BISH 1979-07-11
42 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1417 Molokai BISH 1979-06-22
43 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2522 Molokai BISH 1938-07-06
44 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12788 Molokai BISH 1915-05-01
45 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wet `ohi`a forest w/ other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. On side of gulch; terrestrial; exposed. Young plants, uncommon Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1544 Molokai BISH 1979-07-14
46 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1516 Molokai BISH 1979-07-11
47 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 12378 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
48 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. 620611024 Molokai BISH 1962-06-11
49 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 4936 Molokai BISH 1983-07-30
50 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Buck, M. 2 Molokai BISH 1983-08-22
51 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1557 Molokai BISH 1979-07-18
52 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wysong, M.L. 488 Molokai BISH 2004-11-23
53 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 156 Molokai BISH 1912-07-01
54 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12790 Molokai BISH 1915-12-01
55 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 13116 Molokai BISH 1918-07-01
56 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lamoureux, C.H. 1984 Molokai BISH 1962-06-12
57 Clermontia pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12789 Molokai BISH 1915-12-01
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